FALMOUTH M.A. FINAL PROJECT BLOG

Week 20: Designing the Bus

This week I start to develop my ideas around a renewable energy bus trail. I also look at discussions regarding the aesthetics of wind farms since I’ll need to consider the best way to incorporate wind farms particularly – which can occupy a lot a space – into my final design.

STUDIO REVIEW

Figure 1: FIELD.SYSTEMS. 2022. Microsoft Responsivee Potential. [video promotion]

This week I take a look at the work of FIELD.

Field's website is quirky, and their generative AR work is fascinating. The degree to which they play with reality is unrivalled, and the results always work.

The work of this studio shows me that, done correctly, generative AR can only succeed in capturing attention and imagination. This is something that I'll want to do as I try to teach about renewable energy.

OTHER RESEARCH

Climate Creatives Challenge

I discovered a Climate Creatives Challenge through The Environmental Design Studio.

The competition is brand new (the first challenge ran from 1st July 2022 to 14th August 2022 and asked entrants to communicate the impact of climate change on global flooding.

The winning entry was a video showing the past, present, and potential future of Copacabana, Brazil. The video is noteworthy for making visually explicit the likely outcomes of doing nothing to defend against climate change, but also for visually presenting possible solutions to the problems faced.

TwentyTwenty

I found a website plugin I’ve seen on a few sites before but never looked my closely at. TwentyTwenty is a website plugin that allows for impact comparision pictures (typically before and after shots). This plugin could definitely be useful for directly communicating the impact of climate changes in particular areas.

WIND FARM AESTHETICS

I discovered that discussion of the aesthetic side of wind farms is nothing new. Yuriko Saito wrote about aesthetic considerations as far back as 2004. Back then there were talks being held about the installation of a large wind farm near to Nantucket in the USA.

Saito covers the difficulty faced in convincing Nantucket locals to accept the wind farm. The key points I took from Saito’s paper is that both ‘thin’ and ‘thick’ considerations need to be given to wind farm installation. The thin considerations are surface level, including color, size, synchronisation of blades, while the thick considerations extend to perceived value (a kind of cost-benefit analysis) among the community.

The expert I spoke to (Dave Quirk) thought that wind energy was the future energy of the Isle of Man. The lessons from aesthetic studies and philosophies surrounding wind farms, especially when considered alongside case studies, will help shape my final implementation of a design that has a wind farm component.

BUS INTERIORS

Now that I was thinking of an educational bus, I needed to look at interior design aspects to communicate the right message to potential participants. I recalled work done by Morag Myerscough in Sheffield Children's Hospital, and used that as a starting point for investigating interior design for children's spaces.

Figure 2: Morag Myerscough. 2020. Sheffield Children's Hospital. [photograph of interior design work]

Scouting around the internet for existing educational buses proved quite fruitful. I'll list my most noteworthy findings here.

Videos

Teacher converts a bus into a classroom for immigrant children
Teacher converts a bus into a classrom during COVID-19
Home and mobile classroom bus conversion

Collected imagery of bus interiors/exteriors

Figures 3-14: Collected images showing various learning bus interiors

Explorer Lab

Figure 15: Learning Undefeated. 2019. Explorer Lab. [photograph of bus exterior]
Figure 16: Learning Undefeated. 2019. Explorer Lab. [photograph of bus interior]

A special mention goes to the Explorer Lab, "an immersive stem experience". The bus has a cool technical interior using lighting to great effect to create an almost sci-fi feel. Particularly, for my own purposes, this bus shares the scientific focus and uses tech to deliver education.

ELECTRIC BUSES

I was interested in varifying the available of electric buses in Britain and finding specifications so I could start to explore broad designs for the exterior and interior.

I discovered that Alexander Dennis BYD were suppliers of electric buses in the UK. This meant that the acquisition of EV buses was possible in the Isle of Man.

BUS SPECS

To start blocking out bus designs I found a number of spec guides for electric buses and coaches.

Figure 17: Screenshot of Volvo electric bus techical spec
BYD ADL Enviro200EV technical spec document
BYD ADL Enviro400EV technical spec document
Yutong TCe12 technical spec document

I also looked up technical drawings so that I can directly transfer spec details to my graphics programmes.

Figures 18-20: Electric bus technical drawings

FINDING 3D MODELS

To save some time prior to beginning design work I looked for prefabricated models of the Enviro buses on cgtrader and turbosquid.

Figures 21-23: 3D models of Alexander Dennis Electric Buses

Double or single decker?

Space-wise, I had to decide whether it would be better to use a double or single decked bus. I turned to the Space for Learning to answer this, using the bus specs to determine how close each one came to the recommended minimum room for an education space. The guide suggests 98m2 per educational space. Using the spec documents, I calculated that the Enviro200 (single decker) has roughly 30m2 at its upper limit, while the Enviro400 (double decker) has around 55m2.

For this reason, I went with the cgtrader double decker model, also choosing this model due to its low cost and high fidelity to the real life bus.

PREVISUALISATIONS

Getting the look and feel of the bus right was a core focus for me at this stage. I started to block out shapes on the 3D model. Using the model gave me a sense of the space and how it could be partitioned to maximum effect. I was aiming for open, well-lit, and comfortable. This design pattern follows the guidance given in the Space for Learning handbook.

Figure 24: Various bus interior and exterior renders produced in Blender.

COLOUR SCHEME

I wanted to choose a colour scheme appealing to kids, slanted more towards a young (primary school) age. My aim was to use a restricted palette of up to five colours.

A few on colourhunt.co caught my eye as being bright but not overpowering, and gender neutral. Gender neutrality is important as kids can be very sensitive to gendered colours, and an overall sense of “for boys” or “for girls” could alienate either gender. I’d created a basic bus-sized room mockup in Blender and used it to test the palettes (see above images).

The palettes looked fine, but not striking. I remembered that I had extracted a palette from an old Isle of Man tourism poster that was bright and appealing and thought that particular palette could be a good fit here. I liked the way the colours looked in my mockup, and decided to work with them for now, although left this open for change as the design evolved.

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: FIELD.SYSTEMS. 2022. Microsoft Responsivee Potential. [video promotion]. Available at: https://field.systems/work/microsoft-responsive-potential [accessed 14th November 2022]

Figure 2: Morag MYERSCOUGH. 2020. Sheffield Childrens' Hospital. [photograph of interior design work]. Available at: https://www.moragmyerscough.com/commissions/sheffield-hospital-bedrooms [accessed 9th November 2022].

Figure 3: Dezeen. 2008. Library bus by Muungano. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2008/11/01/library-bus-by-muungano/amp/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 4: Dezeen. 2008. Library bus by Muungano. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2008/11/01/library-bus-by-muungano/amp/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 5: We Heart. 2015. Erik's Designbuss. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.we-heart.com/2012/08/13/eriks-designbuss/ [accessed 17th Novembe 2022].

Figure 6: Forge Architects. 2021. Rosendale Library School Bus. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.forgearchitects.co.uk/rosendale-library-school-bus [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 7: Forge Architects. 2021. Rosendale Library School Bus. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.forgearchitects.co.uk/rosendale-library-school-bus [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 8: Yelp. n.d. Game Changer. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.yelp.com/biz_photos/game-changer-killeen [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 9: Yelp. n.d. Game Changer. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.yelp.com/biz_photos/game-changer-killeen [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 10: Tiny House Talk. 2021. [photograph]. Bus turned into mobile classroom for economically disadvantaged students. Available at: https://tinyhousetalk.com/bus-turned-into-mobile-classroom-for-economically-disadvantaged-students/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 11: . Tiny House Talk. 2021. [photograph]. Bus turned into mobile classroom for economically disadvantaged students. Available at: https://tinyhousetalk.com/bus-turned-into-mobile-classroom-for-economically-disadvantaged-students/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 12: RBB Architects. n.d. Mobile Academic Classroom. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.rbbarchitects.com/portfolio/mobile-academic-classroom-mac/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 13: RBB Architects. n.d. Mobile Academic Classroom. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.rbbarchitects.com/portfolio/mobile-academic-classroom-mac/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 14: RBB Architects. n.d. Mobile Academic Classroom. [photograph]. Available at: https://www.rbbarchitects.com/portfolio/mobile-academic-classroom-mac/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 15: Learning Undefeated. 2019. Explorer Lab. [photograph of bus exterior]. Available at: https://www.learningundefeated.org/project/explorer-lab/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 16: Learning Undefeated. 2019. Explorer Lab. [photograph of bus interior]. Available at: https://www.learningundefeated.org/project/explorer-lab/ [accessed 17th November 2022].

Figure 17: Screenshot of Volvo electric bus technical spec. [screenshot by the author]. Available at: https://www.volvobuses.com/en/city-and-intercity/buses/volvo-7900-electric/specifications.html [accessed 18th November 2022].

Figure 18: the-blueprints.com. 2022. ADL Enviro200. [vector drawing]. Available at: https://www.the-blueprints.com/vectordrawings/show/7062/adl_enviro200/ [accessed 18th Novvember 2022].

Figure 19: model COPY. 2022. Alexander Dennis Enviro 400MMC. [technical drawing]. Available at: https://model-copy.info/product_info.php?language=en&products_id=39966 [accessed 18th Novvember 2022].

Figure 20: the-blueprints.com. 2022. ADL Enviro400. [vector drawing]. Available at: https://www.the-blueprints.com/vectordrawings/show/7065/adl_enviro400/ [accessed 18th November 2022].

Figure 21: cgtrader. 2022. Alexander Dennis Enviro400 MMC Royal blue Low-poly 3D model. [3D digital render]. Available at: https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/vehicle/bus/alexander-dennis-enviro400-mmc-royal-blue [accessed 19th November 2022].

Figure 22: TURBOSQUID. 2022. 3D Arriva Bus Double Decker. [digital render]. Availabe at: https://www.turbosquid.com/3d-models/3d-arriva-bus-double-decker-1860658 [accessed 19th November 2022].

Figure 23: TURBOSQUID. 2022. Enviro 200 bus - Octane. [digital render]. Availabe at: https://www.turbosquid.com/3d-models/enviro-200-bus-octane-max/1092916 [accessed 19th November 2022].

Figure 24: Various interior colour ideas produced in Blender. [3D digital renders by the author].

REFERENCES

SAITO, Yuriko. 2004. ‘Machines in the Ocean: The Aesthetics of Wind Farms’. Contemporary Aesthetics, 2, Article 6.

SPACE FOR LEARNING PARTNERS. 2015. Space for learning: A new handbook for creating inspirational learning spaces. CLORE DUFFIELD FOUNDATION. Available at: https://www.cloreduffield.org.uk/userfiles/documents/SfL/Space-for-Learning.pdf

[accessed 7th November 2022].